In the Era That Started with Federer and That Will End Soon with Djokovic, There Was a Name Called RAFA

In the golden chapter of tennis history, the book opens with Roger Federer—grace in motion. It may close with Novak Djokovic—precision forged into perfection. But between these two titans, there lived a storm, a soul, a fire that could not be tamed. There was a name called RAFA. He didn’t walk onto the court. He charged. He didn’t play the game. He wrestled it into submission. He was never about looking perfect—he was about giving everything.     “I’m not the kind of guy who plays only for the money or the fame. I play because I love the game.” On clay, he became a myth etched in red. Fourteen times he stood as champion at Roland Garros—a cathedral he built with sweat and sacrifice. But his dominion over clay wasn’t confined to Paris. He won Monte Carlo 11 times, Barcelona 12 times, and Rome 10 times. These weren’t tournaments for him—they were temples, and Rafa was both priest and warrior. His record on clay is not a stat line; it’s a saga. A testament to discipline, endurance, and a love so fierce it made the earth itself bend to his will.     “The clay taught me patience. It taught me to suffer and to keep going.” But Rafa’s greatness was never confined to one surface. He conquered grass at Wimbledon, not once but twice—beating Federer in 2008 in what is widely considered the greatest match of all time. He conquered the hard courts of Melbourne and New York, winning two Australian Opens and four US Opens, often through brutal five-set battles where pain was ever-present, but surrender was not. He is the only man in history to have won each Grand Slam at least twice, an Olympic gold in singles, and five Davis Cups for Spain.     “I have always believed that success is not about winning everything, but about being ready to fight anywhere, anytime.” And then… 2022. When the world said he was finished, his body broken, his best days behind him—he came back. At 35, with a numbed foot and a battered soul, he won the Australian Open after being two sets down in the final. Then he lifted the French Open again, for the 14th time, hobbling between changeovers, playing with injections just to stand. He even made it to the semifinals of Wimbledon, pulling out only to avoid further damage. It wasn’t just a comeback—it was resurrection.     “Sometimes the spirit is stronger than the body. And sometimes, that’s enough.” He slid, he spun, he suffered. But he never complained. He never quit. Even when his body begged for mercy, Rafa said no.     “Pain is part of my life. I accept it as part of the effort.” His rivals—Federer and Djokovic—stood on equal ground in greatness, but none bled for it like he did. Federer made tennis look like art. Djokovic made it look like science. But Nadal? He made it look like war.     “It’s not about the victory. It’s about the fight.” And yet, off the court, he was the gentlest warrior. Always respectful. Always grounded. No broken racquets. No drama. Just heart. And humility.     “I always wanted to be a normal guy who plays tennis.” In every Federer vs Nadal match, we saw poetry colliding with passion. In every Nadal vs Djokovic match, we witnessed willpower clash with destiny. But in every Rafa match, no matter the opponent, we saw one thing—total effort. And maybe that’s why people loved him. Because in Rafa, we saw the part of ourselves that doesn’t give up. That fights, even when it hurts. That plays every point like it matters, even when the world isn’t watching. But legends don’t retire. They echo.     “When I leave, I want people to remember me as someone who fought for every point, who respected the game, and who gave everything on the court.” Rafa will not be remembered for being the best—though he was, on many days. He will be remembered as the soul of this era. The heartbeat of a golden age. In an era of kings, he was the fire. In an era that began with Federer, and will end with Djokovic… There was a name called RAFA. And it will never be forgotten.

HEAVEN ON EARTH – KASHMIR……… PART 3

Implementation of Article 370 and 35A in Jammu & Kashmir 1. The Delhi Agreement of June 1949 The groundwork for Article 370 began with the Delhi Agreement of June 1949. This agreement was reached between Sheikh Abdullah, then Prime Minister of Jammu & Kashmir (J&K), and Indian leaders Jawaharlal Nehru and Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel. It was decided that J&K would retain internal autonomy, while India would handle defence, foreign affairs, and communications. This agreement formed the basis of the special constitutional relationship between India and J&K. 2. Role of the Indian Constituent Assembly After the Indian Constitution was adopted on 26 November 1949, J&K’s integration took a unique route. Four representatives from the state—Sheikh Abdullah, Mirza Afzal Beg, Maulana Masoodi, and Moti Ram Baigra—joined the Indian Constituent Assembly, not through election but via nomination, reflecting the delicate and consensual nature of integration. Importantly, no voting pattern was followed; decisions were reached through mutual consultation, preserving J&K’s distinct identity. 3. Drafting of Article 370 Initially introduced as Article 306A, it was later renumbered as Article 370 in the final draft of the Constitution. Article 370 granted temporary special status to Jammu and Kashmir. It permitted the state to have its own Constitution, and laws passed by the Indian Parliament would not automatically apply to J&K unless the state government gave its concurrence. The President of India could apply provisions of the Indian Constitution to J&K, but only with the state’s approval. 4. Key Provisions of Article 370 Article 35A was introduced through a Presidential Order in 1954, under the powers granted by Article 370. It empowered the J&K state legislature to define ‘permanent residents’ and confer upon them special rights and privileges regarding employment, property ownership, scholarships, and more. This was not debated in Parliament, and its legality was often debated in later years. Pros of Article 370 and 35A Later Developments The J&K Constitution came into force in 1957, affirming its special relationship with India. However, over the decades, through Presidential Orders, many provisions of the Indian Constitution were gradually extended to J&K. Still, Article 370 and 35A remained contentious, often seen as symbols of either special autonomy or constitutional inequality, depending on the political lens. Summary: Implementation of Article 370 and 35A in Jammu & Kashmir The implementation of Article 370 and Article 35A was rooted in the Delhi Agreement of June 1949, where Sheikh Abdullah, Nehru, and Patel agreed that J&K would retain internal autonomy, while India controlled defence, foreign affairs, and communications. This unique arrangement was formalised in the Indian Constitution (26 Nov 1949), with four nominated J&K representatives participating in the Constituent Assembly. Article 370, initially drafted as Article 306A, was a temporary provision granting J&K a special constitutional status. It allowed the state to have its own Constitution and restricted Parliament’s powers unless the state consented. Article 35A, introduced by a 1954 Presidential Order under Article 370, empowered J&K to define permanent residents and their exclusive rights, especially concerning property and jobs. These provisions preserved J&K’s cultural identity and facilitated local governance, but also led to legal isolation, restricted rights for non-residents, and delayed national reforms. Over time, Presidential Orders gradually extended many Indian laws to the state. Historical and Journal References To be continued… … PART 4……. How Article 370 & 35 A Abrogated on 5 August 2019 by Indian Government, arguing that their removal would ensure Full Integration, bring in Uniform laws and open Economic Opportunity.